Clauses
A clause is a subject and a predicate working together.
A group of words that has both a subject and a predicate (verb)
Independent (Coordinating Conjunctions) FANBOYS
Dependent (Subordinating Conjunctions) A
Examples
I took the dog to the park.
The example has one subject, I, and one predicate, took. Since they are working together to form a comprehensible sentence, this sentence has one clause.
I love learning, so I spend a lot of time reading.
This example has two predicates: love and spend. Since they are each working together with separate subjects, this sentence has two clauses.
Phrases
A phrase is a group of words related to the subject, predicate, or object. Phrases do not contain a subject and a predicate, or we would call them clauses. Phrases provide additional information about subjects, predicates, and / or objects, and understanding how they work is helpful to building an analyzing sentences.
A group of related words that has either a subject or a predicate, never both.
Examples
After working late into the night, Jack fell asleep on his desk.
The emboldened portion of the sentence exemplifies the phrase. It provides additional information about our subject, Jack, but the sentence does not require this information to be grammatically complete.
I left my keys inside of the Whole Foods, my favorite grocery store.
In this example sentence, the predicate is left and the subject is I. On the other side of the sentence we have a phrase that provides additional information about the object of the sentence Whole Foods. Note that a phrase can come at the beginning, middle, or end of a sentence.
Phrases and Clauses
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=N7RL9gtBIt4 - Phrases & Clauses - Youtube Video
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kE8-rArg7ww - Phrases & Clauses - Powtoon
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kE8-rArg7ww - Phrases & Clauses
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kbN_RFQckgg - Phrases & Clauses
Phrases & Clauses - Quiz - http://www.softschools.com/quizzes/grammar/phrase_or_clause/quiz2825.html
Modifiers
http://chompchomp.com/modifiers01/ - Chomp Chomp
http://chompchomp.com/modifiers01/ - Modifier Exercises
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-tX34V_XGeQ&disable_polymer=true - Modifiers
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JeElWa1Ln0w&disable_polymer=true - Modifiers
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RHWyN1xGFdc - Dangling & Misplaced Modifiers
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